Make copy batch file in windows

If you need to make a copy of your local drive to the backup drive scheduled everyday, you will need to know couple of things. [I am talking on Windows environment ;) ]

1. Download the robocopy. It is one of the microsoft product. It stands for robust copy

This is well built GUI tool. However to understand the various options available, you can check this
http://ss64.com/nt/robocopy.html

2. Install robocopy. You can write the simple script to make the copy process. [ You can use any kind of editor like notepad, wordpad, notepad++ to write the script]

robocopy source_folder destination_folder [file(s)_to_copy] [options]

#
# Script file name: C:\mycopy.cmd
#
@echo "Copying files and folders"
robocopy "C:\myLocalFile" "F:\myBackup" /E

@echo "Copy process completed"

/E  option allows to Copy Subfolders, including Empty Subfolders


3. Finally you can schedule the command file(batch file)
created by you to run in the specific time. 
Go to Control Panel --> Scheduled Tasks -->
Right click and create a new schedule task -->
Give the name to it --->
Right click on the scheduled task created and go to the properties -->
specify the path of the script file in the run section under Task Tab
(in my case it would be C:\mycopy.cmd ) -->
Now go to the Schedule Tab and specify the schedule you wanted

Hey you are done.

Etherpad installation on SLES or CentOS

Etherpad is online real-time collaborative document editing tool.

Requirements:

• Java 1.6
• Scala 2.7
• MySQL Server 5.1
• mysql-connector-java
• etherpad (If you need already cooked etherpad, feel free to ask me. I will email you)

Steps to be followed:

1. Create username 'etherpad' with password 'password'

#useradd -r -m etherpad
#passwd etherpad

2. Install MySQL and configure MySQL

--> You can use YAST for SLES and YUM for CentOS

#service mysql start --> in SLES
#service mysqld start --> in CentOS
#chkconfig mysql on --> to enable MySQL on next reboot


3. Once you download Scala 2.7 , extract the tar file to the /usr/local/scala directory.

#mkdir /usr/local/scala
#cd /usr/local/scala
#tar xvzf scala-2.7.7.final.tgz

4. Once you download mysql-connector-java, extract the tar file to the /usr/local/mysqlconnector

#cd /usr/local
#tar xvzf mysqlconnector.tar.gz

5. Install JAVA 1.6

#sh jdk-6u20-linux-x64-rpm.bin

Use YAST or YUM to install "fastjar"

6. Create myENV file

#touch myENV
#vi myENV
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_20/
export JAVA=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
export SCALA_HOME=/usr/local/scala/scala-2.7.7.final/
export SCALA=$SCALA_HOME/bin/scala
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$SCALA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export MYSQL_CONNECTOR_JAR=/usr/local/mysqlconnector/mysql-connector-java-5.1.12-bin.jar

7. /etc/profile hosts the environment variables

#cat myENV >> /etc/profile

Logout and log back in.

8. Create database called "etherpad" and grant privilege to user "etherpad"

#mysql
>create database etherpad;
>grant all privileges on etherpad.* to 'etherpad'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
>exit;


9. Extract the content of etherpad in /etherpad directory.

#cd /etherpad/trunk/etherpad
#cd /bin
#vi rebuildjar.sh
We need to modify rebuildjar.sh as it fails to find the location of 'Infrastructure' directory

Change
source ../infrastructure/bin/compilecache.sh
to
source ../../infrastructure/bin/compilecache.sh

Change
cd ../infrastructure
to
cd ../../infrastructure


Also modify some other files

etherpad/trunk/etherpad# cp etc/etherpad.localdev-default.properties bin/data/etherpad.local.properties

etherpad/trunk/etherpad# cat bin/data/etherpad.local.properties
ajstdlibHome = ../../infrastructure/framework-src/modules
appjetHome = ./data/appjet
devMode = false
etherpad.adminPass = password
etherpad.fakeProduction = false
etherpad.isProduction = true
etherpad.SQL_JDBC_DRIVER = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
etherpad.SQL_JDBC_URL = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/etherpad
etherpad.SQL_PASSWORD = password
etherpad.SQL_USERNAME = etherpad
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
logDir = ./data/logs
modulePath = ../src
transportPrefix = /comet
transportUseWildcardSubdomains = true
useVirtualFileRoot = ../src

Also need to modify 3 other files

# vi etherpad\trunk\etherpad\src\etherpad\globals.js

var SUPERDOMAINS = {
'localbox.info': true,
'localhost': true,
'127.0.0.1': true
};

#vi etherpad\trunk\etherpad\src\etherpad\pro\pro_utils.js

var fromDomain = '127.0.0.1';

#vi etherpad\trunk\etherpad\src\main.js

var newurl = "http://127.0.0.1"+request.path;

10. Now we are almost done.
[it is very important that you are inside bin directory of etherpad to run the script files, otherwise you will get error: file location not found or something wrong]
etherpad/trunk/etherpad# cd bin
etherpad/trunk/etherpad/bin# ./rebuiljar.sh
etherpad/trunk/etherpad/bin#./run-local.sh

12. Then go to http://127.0.0.1:9000, it will prompt you to create new pad

13. To customize the home page, you can edit the file
# vi etherpad\trunk\etherpad\src\templates\main\home.ejs


14. If you replace 127.0.0.1 with your server IP address in all the files mentioned above, you can access Etherpad using http://your-ip-address:9000/


Links:
http://code.google.com/p/etherpad/wiki/Instructions
http://pauleira.com/13/installing-etherpad/
http://karteek.selfdabba.com/post/301488675/etherpad-opensourced

CVS and CVSNT in glance

1. Create Repository on the CVSNT server.

2. Launch wincvs and navigate to Admin --> Preferences --> specify CVS HOME [it is any directory that might be needed for wincvs configuration, however you will not need it if you are beginner]. If you have installed WinMerge or File Compare Tool (powerful), you can select that as your External Diff program. If you have Notepad++ installed, you can select that as your default editor.

3. Import module into the Repository (it means importing the Local project directory into the Repository)
a> Before importing module, we need to browse the local directory from wincvs [ see the browse section at the top in toolbar section]
b> On left side, you will see your local project directory which you just browsed.
c> Right click the folder and select Import Module option
d> Ignore the files which you can't edit [ e.g. .rpm, .bak, .pub and many more]
e> Specify the CVSROOT and repository location
f> You might want to tell wincvs to create CVS hierarchy so that it can create versions of files.

4. You can start editing files [Remember: When you are editing files, you are editing in your local project folder, no in the repository]. Once you are done, you can commit the changes. Commiting the changes means to make the change on the Repository too. Once the change is done on repository, you can checkout the module [ your project ]. Checkout means pulling out the project from the repository.

[local project directory] ------import--> [Repository] -----export--> [checkout project directory]

Change UUID of virtual drive

I made a copy of virtual drive (by copy and pasting .vdi file). Then, I tried to mount the .vdi file in the virtual machine. It came up with some error: A hard disk with UUID {bla..bla..bla......} is already registered. So, I was unable to mount the drive.

Now, what is the solution?
Ans: Change the UUID of the virtual/image drive.

How can I change the UUID of the virutal drive?
Ans: You have to run the VBoxManage command

[Before running command, make sure that environment variable is set to the location of the virtual box commands. To set environment variable: Go to "My Computer" --> Right click --> Properties --> Advanced --> Environment Variables --> Add the location of Virtual Box to the PATH variable; In my case it is : PATH .......;C:\Program Files\Sun\VirtualBox ]

C:\ > VBoxManage internalcommands setvdiuuid disk2.vdi

[disk2.vdi is the name of my copied .vdi file]

Now, try to mount the disk2.vdi in Virtual Machine.
Have a good one!


On my second day, I found issue with SLES (Suse Linux). It keeps on complaining "VB is waiting for /dev/disks/by-id/scsi-xxxxx-part2 to appear".
After some research on blogs, found that GRUB in SLES looks for UUID of disk to boot.

I set the copied/cloned harddisk as second harddisk (primary slave) for the original SLES VM. Then I startet the original SLES VM.
In the running SLES VM I made a new directory and mounted it to the root directory of the cloned harddisk.
Then I startet (as root) the Yast partition manager and noticed the UUID of the cloned harddisk. (It is made from the UUID shown with vboxmanage list hdds, but it is not the same).
Then I edited (as root) the /boot/grub/menu.lst and the /etc/fstab : I changed the UUID everywhere the old one was (do not use capital letters instead of small letters).
Now shutdown (after unmounting the cloned root directory)
Then I disabled the cloned harddisk as second harddisk in the original VM and set it as first harddisk in the cloned VM.
Starting the cloned VM now works.


For Network cards to work you have to do

1. rename the ifcfg-eth-id- to ifcfg-eth0 (in /etc/sysconfig/network)
2. remove the rules file (/etc/udev/rules.d/30-
3. edit /etc/sysconfig/network/config and change FORCE_PERSISTENT_NAMES to "no".

Install VMware-tools

It might be challenging to install VMware-tools if we don't know what exactly we are doing.
You need to read all the instructions that is provided by VMware workstation or Virtual Center or ESX server.
For now, I am going to give the instruction for Linux systems.
After installing Linux as Virtual Machine on the top of VMware workstation/ESX Server or VSphere (whatever), you will see that VMware-tools is not installed.

Steps to be followed:

1) Choose "Install VMware tools" from VM menu

2) You will recognize some change on "cd-rom" icon located at Left corner of VM. It just like someone has inserted the CD of VMware tools in your VM.

3) Now you need to mount the CD-ROM so that you can access the contents.
#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
If you are lucky, above command will work without any issue. If not you might have to specify some mount options like
# mount -o ro /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
(which mean mount as read-only option)
Some systems requires you to specify the file-systems type. FYI, CD-ROM uses iso9660 file-system
# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

4)After this, go to /mnt/cdrom directory. You will find VMware-toools over there. You can install from RPM or TAR file. It all depends on you, however I recommend tar file.

# cd /mnt/cdrom
# rpm -ivh [VMware-tools......rpm]

or
# cd /mnt/cdrom
#tar -xvzf [VMware-tools.......tar] /root/vmware
(this will un-archive the "tar" file under /root/vmware directory
# cd /root/vmware
#./vmware-install.pl

Some slick Unix/Linux commands... much more powerful and useful

KILL

usage:

Kill process by Process ID

• kill -9 [PID] --> Forcefully Kill
• kill -15 [PID] --> Gracefully Kill
• kill %[JobID] --> JobID can be checked by command #jobs

Kill process by Process Name

• killall [proces name]

PID/Process name can be found using commands like

• ps -aux
• ps -elf
• netstat -anp
• lsof -w -n -i [tcp/udp:port number]

System Tuning Commands:

#mpstat -A ALL --> CPUs status

#top --> Press 'I' to toggle between Irix Mode (Irix Mode display resource usage mulitplied by total number of CPUs) ; Press "1" to see all the CPUs

# sar

Networking Commands

#netstat -anp --> Where 'p' flag shows which program is making connection

[ Hey, now I know which program is making a connection, can I use kill command to kill by process name or PID? Answer: Ofcourse, that's the reason I am writing this article ]

Now you know how to terminate the particular remote connection in the server. There is also another technique using #lsof.

# lsof -w -n -i tcp:22

This command will display all the SSH (tcp:22) connections. So, you can see who has intruded in your system using SSH. This will also give process ID (PID) or process name, which you can terminate using KILL command.

[ use man page for each command in details]

#ifstat

#ethtool [ethernet interface name] --> this command can used to see if the interface is physically down or not

e.g # ethtool eth1

#netstat -i

#netstat -s

To get the BIOS information

#dmidecode

To list the hardware

#hwinfo

or

#lshw

[Note: lshw is not the linux project. If you want to use lshw, you have to download and install the RPM for that command http://ezix.org/project/wiki/HardwareLiSter ]

Bash Script to collect system information:

This is one of the simple script file to pull basic and informative information about your server:

#********************

#ServerReport.sh

# Created by DShah

# Please use it at your own risk

#********************

#!/bin/bash
miniDivider(){

echo "*******************************************************************";
}

serverInfo() {

uname -a
cat /etc/*release

}

diskInfo() {

# fdisk -l
df -h
iostat

}

memoryInfo() {

free -m
vmstat

}

cpuInfo() {

mpstat
mpstat -P ALL

}

overallInfo() {

top -b -n2


}

networkInfo() {
netstat -s
miniDivider

sleep 2
netstat -s
}

dividerLine(){

echo "########################################################################";

echo "########################################################################";

}

fileName="serverReporting.txt"

rm $fileName
touch $fileName

echo "ServerInfo Reporting"
serverInfo >> $fileName
dividerLine >> $fileName

echo "DiskInfo Reporting"
diskInfo >> $fileName
dividerLine >> $fileName

echo "MemoryInfo Reporting"
memoryInfo >> $fileName
dividerLine >> $fileName

echo "CPUInfo Reporting"
cpuInfo >> $fileName
dividerLine >> $fileName

echo "Network Info Reporting"
networkInfo >> $fileName
dividerLine >> $fileName

echo "Top command reporting";
overallInfo >> $fileName

Port Forwarding Rule Setup in Actiontec router (VZ WIRELESS ROUTER)

First of all login in router access page; most often it is http://92.168.1.1

In my case

public IP: 72.B.C.D (I haven't provied my public ip for my privacy)
private IP: 192.168.1.x

Step: 1 Click on Firewall Setting--> Port Forwarding --> New Entry


step: 2 Give the device name (LAN device) where your outer world need to have access; for e.g Web server in LAN hosted on computer named as 'windows' with IP add 192.168.1.16



step 3: We selected "Forward to Port : User Defined " so that we can customize the way (I mean the Port) we can access LAN service from outside world. I named my WebServer application as DevApp.



step 4: Now configure the service/Application. The simplest rule would be: Any one can access through the my defined Port (say 8081) using TCP protocol



step 5: now we should select OK



step 6: Forward to Port : the port where my web server is listening. In my case my web server is listening at 192.168.1.16:8081 (FYI - Listen port can be changed in httpd.conf e.g Listen 192.168.1.16:8081)



step 7:




step 8: Once the rule is defined, it should be refreshed in router or applied.



step 9: Click Refresh/Apply